電梯裝潢需要注意的事項？

今天，中國的(de)(de)(de)(de)電梯技術已與世界(jie)各地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術同步發展，在(zai)這可充分發揮想象力的(de)(de)(de)(de)空間中，有著許多(duo)自強不息的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計師(shi)們時(shi)時(shi)為電梯裝潢做努力，他(ta)們將電梯和精神與物(wu)質文明共存的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)裝潢融于一(yi)體(ti)，創造出(chu)(chu)許多(duo)令人(ren)驚(jing)嘆(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)杰作。但值得提(ti)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)點是電梯轎(jiao)廂設(she)計過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)美觀與安(an)全問題(ti)，電梯裝潢中往(wang)往(wang)易被人(ren)們忽視。

　　(1)轎(jiao)廂裝修(xiu)后(hou)的超重

　　在(zai)多(duo)年的(de)有(you)(you)關資料中(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)裝潢而(er)造成轎廂重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)改(gai)變(bian)，造成平(ping)衡(heng)系數(shu)不(bu)符合要(yao)求，致使電(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)發生(sheng)不(bu)同(tong)程度的(de)事故很多(duo)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)轎廂裝修(xiu)后的(de)比重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)按1t轎廂約自重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)320kg計，經裝修(xiu)后重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)出(chu)380kg。要(yao)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)回復基點(dian)(即達原(yuan)平(ping)衡(heng)系數(shu))對重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)必須同(tong)時加(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)190kg，即對曳引(yin)機(ji)而(er)言總重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)共(gong)加(jia)570kg。當然(ran)電(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)設(she)計已有(you)(you)一定的(de)超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)預留數(shu)據。但超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)于其數(shu)就會使主(zhu)機(ji)、齒輪、主(zhu)軸及(ji)各(ge)(ge)鋼(gang)繩、纜轆都會出(chu)現不(bu)同(tong)程度的(de)金屬疲勞(lao)。因這種(zhong)種(zhong)的(de)后果用任何測試工具都起不(bu)了作(zuo)用。如(ru)纜轆坑加(jia)快(kuai)加(jia)深這點(dian)就只能憑經驗判斷，電(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)自身超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)運(yun)行中(zhong)(zhong)無(wu)一秒輕松(song)地緩沖，可能使電(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)產生(sheng)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)事故，特(te)別是高(gao)速梯(ti)及(ji)無(wu)機(ji)房(fang)更應(ying)注意，所以(yi)在(zai)裝修(xiu)設(she)計就要(yao)控(kong)制一定的(de)裝修(xiu)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)。每年在(zai)世(shi)界各(ge)(ge)地都有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)裝修(xiu)后超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后而(er)帶來的(de)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)意外。但到目前還未得到真正的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視，電(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)裝潢設(she)計中(zhong)(zhong)，應(ying)盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)不(bu)要(yao)選(xuan)太多(duo)厚重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)材料。

　　(2)轎廂裝修應(ying)留救(jiu)生(sheng)窗(chuang)(逃生(sheng)口)

　　當(dang)(dang)電(dian)梯正在(zai)(zai)運行(xing)突然(ran)發(fa)生(sheng)事故如(ru)不(bu)能(neng)回到平層，轎(jiao)(jiao)門(men)就不(bu)能(neng)打開，轎(jiao)(jiao)廂(xiang)(xiang)當(dang)(dang)然(ran)在(zai)(zai)夾層中(zhong)(zhong)。當(dang)(dang)操作(zuo)員救(jiu)(jiu)人時需利(li)用轎(jiao)(jiao)頂救(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)窗(chuang)(chuang)拯救(jiu)(jiu)被(bei)困乘(cheng)客時若(ruo)裝(zhuang)修中(zhong)(zhong)無(wu)按原位留救(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)窗(chuang)(chuang)就會給拯救(jiu)(jiu)員增(zeng)加不(bu)便及緩長時間(jian)。乘(cheng)客被(bei)困多(duo)(duo)一(yi)秒就會多(duo)(duo)一(yi)分危險(首(shou)先就是心理恐懼)，所以(yi)在(zai)(zai)設(she)計過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)應注(zhu)意救(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)窗(chuang)(chuang)與裝(zhuang)修美(mei)觀同(tong)時考慮(lv)，不(bu)能(neng)圖美(mei)觀而忽視了逃(tao)生(sheng)出路。由于(yu)人類與大自然(ran)接近(jin)，裝(zhuang)潢所用的(de)(de)材(cai)料，木材(cai)充當(dang)(dang)了主(zhu)角。如(ru)轎(jiao)(jiao)廂(xiang)(xiang)用太多(duo)(duo)木質，可能(neng)會引發(fa)不(bu)幸的(de)(de)火災(zai)。當(dang)(dang)然(ran)在(zai)(zai)運用過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)可按消(xiao)防(fang)慣例，在(zai)(zai)木材(cai)表面涂(tu)上(shang)防(fang)火涂(tu)料。但由于(yu)轎(jiao)(jiao)廂(xiang)(xiang)長期在(zai)(zai)上(shang)下運作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)線(xian)可能(neng)會造(zao)成外(wai)皮老化損傷，轎(jiao)(jiao)廂(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)空間(jian)是有限的(de)(de)。一(yi)旦電(dian)源(yuan)與木質摩擦接觸起火，在(zai)(zai)一(yi)個較(jiao)小(xiao)的(de)(de)空間(jian)，萬一(yi)有了火煙，會使乘(cheng)客逃(tao)救(jiu)(jiu)無(wu)門(men)。作(zuo)為(wei)專業制(zhi)造(zao)者(zhe)在(zai)(zai)設(she)計中(zhong)(zhong)應將這小(xiao)小(xiao)的(de)(de)細節同(tong)樣(yang)放在(zai)(zai)安全的(de)(de)規范。